Advanced Microeconomics Essay

Question 1: Consumer Theory 1.1: In both the Marshallian and Hicksian customer advancement issues, it is accepted that shoppers should be balanced. The principle focal point of these issues are cost minimisation and utility boost, which have a tremendous influence in shopper request, yet, in actuality, these are by all account not the only issues that are thought of. Likewise, it is accepted that each consumer’s lack of interest bend for two merchandise would be the equivalent †they are summed up models, and don't consider different components. For instance, very few shoppers would spend their whole financial plan on said products †one interesting point would be a consumer’s minor inclination to expend and spare. In spite of the fact that both of the issues give a structure and model of buyer choices, they are not conceivable while applying them to genuine terms, since we have defective information. 1.2: The articulation given in the inquiry, is the revised subsidiary of the Hicksian request being equivalent to the Marshallian request, when salary from the spending limitation is equivalent to limited use, whereby m=ep, ÃŽ ¼. This is given by: dDdp= dHdp-dDdm . dedp utilizing m = e. Shephard’s Lemma gives us an elective method of inferring Hicksian request capacities, utilizing e. It is given by: dedp= x* Note that e is carefully expanding in p, due to Shephard’s Lemma, and x* >0,by suspicion. Subbing this into the above articulation gives: dDdp= dHdp-dDdm x* This articulation presently speaks to a total law of interest, as it has consolidated both Marshallian and Hicksian request, whereby pay from the spending requirement of Marshallian request, is equivalent to limited use of Hicksian request. In this manner, it has boosted utility and limited expense all the while, to make an ideal amount of interest in x*. The principal term, dDdp, implies that Marshallian request (amplifying utility) builds, comparative with the cost of the great. dHdp speaks to the Hicksian part of the articulation, whereby use is limited, comparative with the cost of the great. Question 3: Adverse Selection, Moral Hazard and Insurance 3.1: Protection markets are required when hazard is available. Hazard happens when there is vulnerability about the condition of the world. For instance, vehicle drivers don't have the foggiest idea whether they will crash their vehicle in future, and endure lost riches †so they would buy protection to wipe out this danger of misfortune, and secure them on the off chance that they were to ever crash their vehicle. Operators (purchasers of protection) will utilize protection markets to move their salary between various conditions of the world. This permits protection markets to exchange hazard between high-hazard and okay specialists/states. These can be portrayed as Pareto developments. A Pareto improvement is the portion, or reallocation of assets to improve one individual off, without exacerbating another person off. Another expression for this is multi-standards streamlining, where factors and parameters are controlled to bring about an ideal circumstance, where no further enhance ments can be made. At the point when the circumstance happens that no more enhancements can be made, it is Pareto productive. A condition for effectiveness is the least hazard opposed specialist bears all the hazard in a protection advertise. In the event that a hazard disinclined operator bears chance, they would pay to evacuate it. A hazard unwilling specialist has a reducing peripheral utility of pay; whereby his minor utility is distinctive across states, if his salary is diverse across states. The specialist would surrender pay in high-salary states, in which his minor utility is low, to have more pay in low-pay states (for example terrible condition of the world causing lost riches), where his peripheral utility would be high. On the off chance that the protection advertise is hazard impartial, they will offer protection to the client, as long as the installment got is higher than the normal estimation of pay-outs that the back up plan is contracted to provide for the client in various conditions of the world. At whatever point the operator bears some hazard, unexploited additions from exchange exist. Nonattendance of unexploited additions from exchange is a necessity in an effective protection advertise, subsequently the circumstance must emerge, whereby the agent’s salary is evened out over the conditions of the world. A hazard unbiased insurance agency can charge a premium to balance the agent’s pay across conditions of the world, to the greatest advantage of the hazard unwilling operator. Likewise, for a protection market to beâ efficient, a juncture condition is inferred. The juncture of the apathy bends of a hazard unwilling operator, and a hazard impartial specialist, is the place proficiency happens. Now, one can't be improved off, without the other being aggravated off (Pareto productivity). Be that as it may, an insurance agency will never be totally productive, in actuality, as data asymmetry exists. The principal kind of data asymmetry to emerge in a protection showcase is good risk, whereby the activities that a specialist may take subsequent to marking the agreement can't be watched. This gives the organization an exchange off choice between giving full protection or offering motivating forces for the specialist. Full protection is first-best without lopsided data, when the insurance agency is chance impartial and the specialist is chance disinclined. Be that as it may, if the specialist is completely guaranteed by the organization, they have no motivation to forestall an awful condition of the world from occurring. To take care of this issue, the insurance agency won't offer full protection, so as to give the operator a motivating force to keep away from misfortunes. The second kind of data asymmetry to happen in a protection showcase, is unfavorable choice. This is the point at which the operator has private data about his hazard type and qualities, and specialists in the market are heterogenous. As the back up plan doesn’t know which operators are high-hazard or okay, the organization won't offer various kinds of full protection to coordinate hazard types, as high-chance specialists will lean toward gets that are intended for generally safe specialists. To unravel this, the back up plan will offer generally safe specialists less protection †this guarantees high-hazard types don't have the motivating force to pick an agreement for okay clients, as they will need more protection, since they realize they should guarantee more. This guarantees the insurance agency keeps up non-negative benefit, as high-chance people cost more to safeguard. In any case, these arrangements convey organization costs, in light of the fact that the outcome is less proficient than if symmetric data was available. I accept that hazard lack of bias of an insurance agency is an adequate condition for protection to occur. Insurance agencies are chance unbiased to amplify anticipated benefits, along these lines as the head, will configuration agreements to accomplish this, just as verifying that the specialist picks the ideal exertion (i.e to forestall an awful condition of the world) for that agreement, and to ensure that the operator even picks theâ contract in any case. Ensuring impetuses are good, and guaranteeing investment by the right hazard types, are requirements on augmenting anticipated benefits. In the event that an insurance agency was chance loath, without the accessibility of symmetric data, they can't separate between various hazard types, and hence would not have any desire to assume the danger of conceivable high-chance specialists purchasing generally safe agreements. They would charge a higher premium to counterbalance this, which would debilitate generally safe clients to sign an agreement with the organization, as it would not be amplifying their own utility. This would prompt a missing business sector, where exchange would be forestalled, on the grounds that other hazard impartial organizations would offer better agreements, and they would have the option to take all the generally safe clients. The size of this would rely upon the quantity of low-and high-hazard individuals in the populace. This persuades hazard lack of bias is additionally an essential condition for protection to occur. 3.2: An insurance agency will sell a strategy, c, r, on the off chance that it makes non-negative benefits, then:â â†' r-pic ≠¥0,â where c = payout, pi = likelihood of the misfortune state, r = premium. Rivalry in the market drives benefit down to zero, along these lines r-pic = 0 in harmony. For the agreement to be at balance, it must fulfill two conditions: the earn back the original investment condition, whereby no agreement makes negative benefits; and nonattendance of unexploited open doors for benefit, provided that there was an agreement outside of the offered set, with non-negative benefit, would mean the offered set isn't in harmony. In the event that all specialists are homogenous, if all operators face a similar likelihood of misfortune, pi=p, insurance agencies would know each buyer’s pi. The firm should augment each agent’s utility subject to the firm equaling the initial investment. This would be at the purpose of intersection of the agent’s la ck of concern bend and zero-benefit limitation. This would be in balance as another benefit making approach couldn't be advertised. Thusly, as they can watch agent’s chance sorts, they can offer various arrangements, to various kinds: ÃŽ ¸i= ri, ci. It follows that each is offered full and reasonable protection. In actuality, heterogeneity is normally the situation. This is when pi shifts with all people. Expecting that there are two sorts: high-chance sorts, H, and okay sorts, L, where the probabilityâ of misfortune for H is higher than for L. People know their own likelihood of misfortune i=H, L, however insurance agencies can't watch this. For this situation, there are two various types of equilibria that insurance agencies could select with: the applicant pooling balance and the competitor isolating balance. The pooling harmony is the place all hazard types purchase a similar approach. In opposite, the isolating harmony depends on each hazard type purchasing an alternate approach. In the pooling balance, if both H and L chance sorts pick a similar arrangement, the likelihood of misfortune is p and the probab

Wal-Mart (Bus 644)

Wal-Mart BUS 644 Operations Management November 6, 2011 Introduction Wal-Mart is the biggest enterprise on the planet, and it has clearly appreciated enormous achievement. In any case, while many invite its area in their networks, others don't. Some gripe that its quality has too many negative consequences for a network, extending from traffic blockage to hostile to association feeling to uncalled for rivalry. â€Å"According to an ongoing report from Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business, the section of a Wal-Mart does fundamentally affect deals at other nearby foundations (McDevitt, 2009). Concerning Wal-Mart affecting private companies and town occupants, it shifts. There are the two advantages and disadvantages of having Wal-Mart in neighborhood networks in spite of predispositions or convictions of pundits. Proprietors of independent companies found close by. In the wake of watching the impacts of seven Wal-Mart openings, scientists saw a 40 percent deals drop at close by mass product chains and 17 percent deals drop at supermarkets† (McDevitt, 2009, P. 1). Those private companies inside a similar zone of Wal-Mart frequently miss out on a great deal of cash or leave business due to Wal-Mart’s ordinary low costs and helpful shopping. With gas costs being at $4 a gallon, individuals wonder if clients will remain nearer to home to shop, causing Wal-Mart to miss out on clients (Barett, 2008). There are those that think Wal-Mart is awful for nearby entrepreneurs and those that contradict this perspective. Andrea Dean of West Virginia University contends that Wal-Mart has not negatively affected independent companies as pundits might suspect. Rather, the organization has released powers that have changed the idea of independent companies in this nation in startling ways (Bandyk, 2008, P. ). Town occupants and inhabitants of close by towns Town occupants may have concerns extending from an expansion in commotion contamination to a lessening in property estimations and those inhabitants for having Wal-Mart in nearby networks contend that Wal-Mart could be useful to inhabitants; getting new openings and duty income. Numerous Seekonk occupants are not satisfied about the destined to be Wal-Mart supercenter that will be wo rked at 150,000 square feet and situated on 2 sections of land. â€Å"Another concern is the conceivable increment in wrongdoing in the region. Mello says that cops have gone to her home in the past to look the property for supposed shoplifters that fled through the forested areas from one of the retail stores† (Calverley,2011 P. 1). Another Seekonk occupant is worried that the contamination and residue will influence her husband’s wellbeing that is experiencing a respiratory ailment and requires oxygen 24 hours every day (Calverley, 2011). Abatement in property estimation is probably going to happen with there being a decline of 10 to 18 percent in property estimation. Wal-Mart taking care of analysis I imagine that regardless of the reactions Wal-Mart face, their prosperity represents itself with no issue and clients consistently return. Organizations worldwide will consistently confront analysis, its how these organizations choose to catch up on these reactions that really matters. Wal-Mart should be cautious when choosing where to station Wal-Mart focuses; verifying that individuals in the neighborhood network are influenced an insignificant sum. Individuals will eventually be influenced by area regardless of where; in any case, the level wherein they are influenced ought to be deliberately brainstormed with the goal that couple of individuals are influenced. In this way, rather than staying quiet uninvolved as pundits and guard dogs keep on tearing it down, Wal-Mart is selecting its own positive guard dogs as a confrontational measure (White, 2008, P. 1). It’s significant for clients to feel esteemed and the system that Wal-Mart has on the whole made will assist with accomplishing this. End While there are ruins of Wal-Mart supercenters being set in nearby networks, there is definitely positives and Wal-Mart is by all accounts taking allots to arrive at clients, for instance, the endeavors to set up the Customer Action Network, they are giving their clients a voice in order to help them feel esteemed. There are a few issue zones to be turned out to be for the benefit of Wal-Mart, notwithstanding, with Wal-Mart being the biggest Corporation on the planet, pundits will consistently pay cautious and have negative input. References Barett, A. (2008)Does Wal-Mart Really Hurt Small Businesses? Recovered on November 6, 2011 from http://www. businessweek. com/smallbiz/running_small_business/Calverley, L. (2011). Occupants Concerned about Proposed Wal-Mart Supercenter. Recovered on November 6, 2011 from http://reportertoday. com/seekonk/seekonk/stories/Residents-Concerned-About-Proposed-Walmart-Supercenter Bandyk, M. (2008). Should Small Businesses Fear Wal-Mart? Recovered on November 6, 2011 from http://cash. snews. com/cash/business-economy/private venture/articles/2008/08/01/should-independent ventures dread wal-bazaar McDevitt, C. (2009). Is Wal-Mart Killing your Business? Recovered on November 6, 2011 from http://www. inc. com/news/articles/2009/04/walmart. html White, B. (2008). Wal-Mart Fights back Against Opponents. Recovered on November 6, 2011 from http://www. bloggingstocks. com/2008/11/24/wal-store week by week wal-shop retaliates against-rivals/

Best Business Schools For Becoming An Entrepreneur (USA)

Best Business Schools For Becoming An Entrepreneur (USA) Though a budding entrepreneur does not require a degree to start a business venture, the chances of success are greater for those who do take up one or more degrees. Proof for this comes from a 2008 study of more than 500 tech startups which revealed that college graduates secured two times the number of employees and average revenue than their counterparts who didn’t go through college. What’s more, entrepreneurship degrees help students gain knowledge in areas such as accounting, management, finance, economics, marketing and ethics. © Shutterstock.com | ImageFlowThis article takes a comparative look at 10 of the nation’s best business schools to go to for exemplary education in the field of entrepreneurship. We will look at 1) what kinds of degrees are suitable for entrepreneurs, 2) criteria for choosing a business school, and 3) top business schools in the US for becoming an entrepreneur.WHAT KINDS OF DEGREES ARE SUITABLE FOR ENTREPRENEURS?Multiple business school powerhouses currently offer graduate and even undergraduate programs in entrepreneurship. Degrees suitable for entrepreneurs and offered at universities, colleges or business schools are chiefly of four kinds â€" Bachelor Degree, Master’s Degree, Associate Degree and Doctorate Degree. The duration of a Bachelor’s Degree program is usually 4 years and of a Master’s Degree program is 2 years. Students can usually earn an associate’s degree in entrepreneurship within two years. A doctoral degree is typically attainable within four to six years for a holder of a Master’s Degree in entrepreneurship. It goes without saying that part-time students would require more time than their regular counterparts to earn a degree.While the MBA is still a useful degree for prospective entrepreneurs, it is losing out in importance as an entrepreneurship degree in favor of a Master’s in Entrepreneurship.What They Dont Teach in Business School about Entrepreneurship CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING A BUSINESS SCHOOLOwing to the many different business schools and course options available, young men or women looking to take up an MBA program with entrepreneurship as focus may find themselves in a fix about choosing right. Given below are 4 factors that make a particular business school preferable to others:Entrepreneurship as a concentration or official track â€" This feature means that the school takes the business aspect of entrepreneurship more seriously in their curriculum than schools which don’t have it as a designated area of study.Both p art-time and full-time faculty specializing in entrepreneurship â€" This provides for a more balanced setting than that in schools with only part-time faculty or only full-time faculty.The faculty can offer some assistance towards your business idea â€" If the prospective student enrolls in the program with an idea in mind for a service or product he wishes to launch, he would obviously appreciate it if the business school could help in some way to realize that business idea.There should be experiential learning â€" Entrepreneurship is not something that can be learnt merely through textbooks and exams. A certain degree of experiential learning is required. A venture competition is one example.TOP BUSINESS SCHOOLS IN THE US FOR BECOMING AN ENTREPRENEUR1.  Babson College Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipSituated in Wellesley, Massachusetts, Babson’s F.W. Olin Graduate School of Business has an MBA program characterized by a unified curriculum offered through fou r different streams â€" Two Year, One Year, Fast Track and Evening. Apart from the MBA degree, Babson College offers an MSM degree in Entrepreneurial Leadership and an MS in Accounting degree. The chief degree concentrations available are Finance, Healthcare Administration, Investment Banking, International Business and Marketing.Duration of the programThe duration of the various programs is as follows: Two year MBA: 24 months One year MBA: 12 months Evening: Average of 42 months MSM Degree in Entrepreneurial Leadership: 9 months MS in Accounting: 12 monthsWhat makes this program uniqueThe business school integrates entrepreneurial skills with extensive functional business knowledge across disciplines with the intention of developing graduates possessing a unique ability to make a difference in the world. There is a focus on Entrepreneurial Thought and Action, as well as dedication to people, planet, and profits.Enrollment costsThe estimated costs for enrolling in an undergraduate p rogram at Babson’s inclusive of tuition with laptop computer, room, meal plan, Federal Direct Loan expenses and personal expenses   is $62,440 (average). The average total estimated expenses for a one-year MBA is $ 106,582, two-year MBA is $149,088 (for a two-year degree starting in September 2014), MSM in Entrepreneurial Leadership is $69,524 (excluding meals, visas and health insurance) and for a Blended Learning MBA ($81,400). Expenses for an Evening MBA are billed on a per credit basis â€" Fall 2014 to Summer 2015 Tuition ($1,550 per credit)Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolSome examples of famous entrepreneurs from this business school are Bob Davis (founder of Lycos Inc.), Michael Bastian (founder of Michael Bastian), and Alberto Perlman (co-founder of Zumba).2.  University of Michigan Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipThe University of Michigan has two entrepreneurship centers namely “College of Engineering Center for Entrepreneurship ” and “Samuel Zell and Robert H. Lurie Institute for Entrepreneurial Studies” and its business school called “Stephen M. Ross School of Business” through which it offers courses suitable for entrepreneurs.College of Engineering Center for Entrepreneurship offers a Program in Entrepreneurship (PIE) with core subjects such as “Economics of Entrepreneurship,” “Clean Tech Entrepreneurship,” “Financing Research Commercialization Practicum” and “Entrepreneurship in the Information Industry.” The College of Engineering and Ross School of Business jointly offer a Master of Entrepreneurship degree. In addition to these, the Ross School of Business offers many elective courses with entrepreneurial emphases. MBA programs of various types are available at the University of Michigan.Duration of the programThe Master of Entrepreneurship degree is of 1 year duration. MBA programs range in duration from 16 months to 4 years. Full-time and weekend MBA’s have a duration of two years, Global MBA of 16 months, Executive MBA of 21 months and evening MBA of 3 to 4 years.What makes this program uniqueThe University of Michigan’s entrepreneurial courses incorporate specialized topics such as urban entrepreneurship and turnaround management.Enrollment costsFull-year in-state and out-of-state tuition and fees for the Master of Entrepreneurship program is $40,000 and $56,000 respectively.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolNotable among the former students of the University of Michigan are these entrepreneurs â€" Larry Page (co-founder of Google), Jerry Murrell (founder of Five Guys Burgers and Fries), and David Barger (co-founder of JetBlue Airways).3.  Harvard University Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipHarvard University has graduate courses for entrepreneurs available through the Harvard Business School (business school) and Arthur Rock Center for Entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship center). The Harvard Business Schoo l offers an MBA program for potential entrepreneurs. This school also offers doctoral programs in areas such as Accounting Management, Management and Technology Operations Management.Duration of the programThe duration of the MBA program is 2 years. Doctoral programs can take 4 to 5 years to complete (including at least two years in residence).What makes this program uniqueThe first year incorporates a compulsory course entitled “The Entrepreneurial Manager” while the second year has more than 30 entrepreneurial elective courses of three broad kinds Entrepreneurship: a historical perspective;  Entrepreneurial business creation and management; and Entrepreneurship in specific contexts.Enrollment costs$56,175 is the cost for in-state tuition and fees.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolSome big names in the entrepreneurial industry who previously studied at Harvard University are: Salman Khan (founder of the Khan Academy), Hayley Barna and Katia Beauchamp (foun ders of Birchbox), and Scott McNealy (co-founder of Sun Microsystems).4.  University of Houston Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipThe University of Houston offers undergraduate and graduate courses to benefit budding entrepreneurs through its Wolff Center for Entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship center) and C.T. Bauer College of Business (business school).The Cyvia and Melvyn Wolff Center for Entrepreneurship offers a Bachelor in Business Administration (BBA) in Entrepreneurship that covers four semesters. A certificate program called CEC (Corporate Entrepreneurship Certificate) is also available to undergraduates looking to enter the field of entrepreneurship.  C.T. Bauer offers an Executive MBA program for which elective courses in entrepreneurship and corporate entrepreneurship may be taken. Other graduate MBA programs available at the Bauer College of Business are Full-time MBA and Professional MBA.Duration of the programThe BBA in Entrepreneurship covers four semesters. The full-time MBA is of 18 to 22 months’ duration and the Professional MBA is of 22 months’ duration.What makes this program uniqueThe college’s entrepreneurship students have access to a comprehensive and complete program that includes a lockstep program comprising six courses in addition to a number of enrichment activities to go side by side with academic instruction.Enrollment costsTuition and fees for the full-time and professional MBA degrees is $40,000.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolProminent entrepreneurs who studied at the University of Houston include John Moores (co-founder of BMC) and Rod Canion (co-founder of Compaq Computer Corporation).5.  Brigham Young University (BYU) Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipBrigham Young University provides both undergraduate and graduate entrepreneurship programs through its Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship Technology (entrepreneurship center) and Marriott School of Management (business school). Entrepreneurial programs include Executive MBA and Executive MPA, MACC (Master of Accountancy) and MISM (Masters of Information Systems Management).Duration of the programProgram durations are as follows:Executive MBA: 2 years Executive MPA: 3 years MACC: 5years MISM: 5 yearsThe duration of the last two degrees includes undergraduate years.What makes this program uniqueBYU’s entrepreneurial programs are characterized by unique features such as the following:Utah county where the school is located in is a hotbed for both entrepreneurship in general as well as startups in the technology realm, in particularTraining to create complete leaders by educating through the mind, spirit and heart (aim of MBA program in Marriott School of Management)The presence of a tech-savvy, entrepreneurial faculty that comprehends research, theory and managerial practice (at Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship technology)Enrollment costsIn-state tuition and fees for the Brigham Youn g University is $11,280.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolFamous entrepreneurs who studied at this university are Ben Zimmer and Dave Bateman (co-founders of Property Solutions International) and Jonathan C. Coon (co-founder of 1-800 contacts).6.  Stanford University Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipEntrepreneurial programs are available at the university’s Stanford Graduate School of Business with its Center for Entrepreneurial Studies. Programs on offer include MBA or Masters of Business Administration (which freshers can also apply) and MSx or Stanford Master of Science in Management (which accepts only experienced leaders). In addition, online certificate courses are available covering a diversity of topics pertinent to entrepreneurs, innovators and intrapreneurs.Duration of the programThe duration of the MBA program is 21 months and that of the MSx program is 12 months.What makes this program uniqueStudents of business and entrepreneuria l programs at the Stanford Graduate School of Business have access to world-class schools pertaining to several realms (earth sciences, humanities, business, medicine, engineering, law and education) on a single campus. This means they have exposure to greater inspiration, multiplicity and ideas. In addition, class sizes are smaller than those in some other top-ranking schools.Enrollment costsIn-state and out-of-state tuition and fees to enroll at the Stanford University is $59,550.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolSome examples of the University’s ex-students who have become highly successful entrepreneurs are: Reed Hastings (founder of Netflix), Jawed Karim (the co-founder of YouTube), Brian Acton (the co-founder of What’sApp), and Reid Hoffman (founder of LinkedIn).7.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipThe Massachusetts Institute of Technology offers undergraduate and graduate courses for aspiri ng entrepreneurs through its Sloan School of Management (business school) and the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship center).   The courses include distinctive degree and non-degree academic offerings.Some of the management/entrepreneurial programs programs offered at MIT Sloan are MBA, Executive MBA, Leaders for Global Operations (on completion, students get a masters degree in both engineering and business administration) and PhD program. Courses at the Martin Trust Center are organized into a curriculum having four key categories namely Foundation Subjects, Industry Focus, Entrepreneurial Skill Sets and Other Entrepreneurship Electives.Duration of the programThe duration of various management/entrepreneurial programs are given below: MBA: 2 years Executive MBA: 20 months Leaders for Global Operations: 2 yearsWhat makes this program uniqueMIT’s motto is mens et manus (mind and hand). So, both within and without the classroom, MIT’s entrepreneurial p rograms are a combination of academic and practitioner mentalities.Enrollment costsThe tuition rates vary with course. For example, the tuition rate for an MBA at MIT Sloan is $63,750 for the year 2014-2015. If the rates for a computer, books and supplies, medical insurance, transportation, housing and food are included, the average expected expenditure is $96, 014.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolSome big names in the entrepreneurial world studied at MIT. The list includes Amar Bose (founder of Bose Corporation), Helen Grenier, and Colin Angle (founders of iRobot) and Jonah Peretti (founder of BuzzFeed and co-founder of The Huffington Post).8.  University of Southern California Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipThe University of Southern California’s Marshall School of Business offers a wide array of undergraduate and graduate degree programs for prospective business owners. Master’s degrees include the Master of Business Taxation for Work ing Professionals and the MBA for Professionals and Managers (Part-Time). Key concentrations of the other Masters’ degrees include Entrepreneurship, Finance, Accounting, Healthcare Administration, Investment Banking, Supply Chain Management and Organizational Behavior. Dual degree programs are also available such as MD/MBA and JD/MBA.Duration of the programMost Master’s degree programs have durations of either 1 or 2 years. However there are variations. Master of Business Taxation for Working Professionals: 2.5 years MBA for Professionals and Managers: 3 yearsWhat makes this program uniqueThe Marshall curriculum is about increasing academic flexibility while keeping to a thorough core business program. Students are offered a firm foundation in business fundamentals and participate in global experiential learning opportunities, selecting an area of comprehensive business study and taking up study in a facet outside business.Enrollment costsIn-state and out-of-state tuition and fe es for the University of South California’s academics and programs is $50,495.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolFamous University of South California alumni in the realm of entrepreneurship are: Marc Benioff (Founder of Salesforce.com), Paul Orfalea (founder of Kinko’s), and Andrew Viterbi (co-founder of Qualcomm).9.  Rice University Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipRice University’s courses for budding entrepreneurs delivered through its Jesse H. Jones School of Business aim at developing inventive and principled thought-leaders in international communities. With its main campus in Houston, the school offers MBA degree programs. Entrepreneurship is one of the key concentrations. Other key concentrations are Accounting, Finance, Healthcare Administration, Marketing and International Business. The school also offers dual degrees â€" MS/MBA and MD/MBA. Apart from these, Rice University offers the Rice University Education Entrepreneurship p rogram (REEP) which targets highly motivated educators dedicated to heading public schools.Duration of the programThe MBA programs are of 22 months’ duration.What makes this program uniqueRice University’s entrepreneurial programs are marked by strong foundations in finance, marketing, accounting, organizational behavior and management with excellence in entrepreneurship, energy and healthcare. A distinctive feature of the business school’s educational efforts for budding entrepreneurs is the Rice Business Plan Competition (RBPC) which has the reputation of being the world’s biggest and richest intercollegiate business plan competition.Enrollment costsIn-state and out-of-state tuition and fees for the Jones School/Rice MBA comes to approximately $48,500.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolNotable entrepreneurs from this business school include the billionaire and venture capitalist John Doerr who made original investments available in Google, Netscape, Compa q, Coursera, Amazon.com and Sun Microsystems; and the former CEO of Halliburton â€" Mr. Thomas H. Cruishank.10. University of North Carolina (UNC), Chapel Hill Short description of the program for entrepreneurshipGraduate and undergraduate programs with entrepreneurship or entrepreneurship-related concentrations are available through the University of North Carolina’s business school called “Kenan-Flagler Business School” and its entrepreneurship center called “Kenan-Flagler Center for Entrepreneurial Studies.”The MBA programs at UNC are offered as full time, online, weekend, evening and OneMBA (global program) “Entrepreneurship” is available as a concentration for the full-time and online MBA and “Strategy and Entrepreneurship” is available as one of the concentrations for the Executive MBA (weekend, evening and One MBA) respectively.Duration of the programMBA program durations are as follows: Full-time: 21 months Weekend: 20 months Evening: 24 months OneMBA: 21 m onthsWhat makes this program uniqueThe University of North Carolina’s curriculum for the entrepreneurship enrichment is unique among many top business schools with respect to its extensiveness. The curriculum provides the training, analytical skills and experiential opportunities to support creators of new ventures, those who invest in venture capital and private equity, managers of entrepreneurial firms with considerable growth and certain advisers to entrepreneurial firms (such as a future board member).Enrollment CostsIn-state tuition and fees amount to $31,510 while out-of-state tuition and fees amount to $52,915.Famous entrepreneurs coming from this business schoolSome well-known entrepreneurs who are the alumni of the University of North Carolina are: Jason Kilar (founder of Hulu) and Ryan Allis (co-founder of iContact).By comparing key points of different leading business schools in the US for entrepreneurship, your task of making the right choice of school becomes easier.

Inventory Management - 13242 Words

Project Number: MQP†JZ†1234 GE Aviation Inventory Management A Major Qualifying Project submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science. Submitted by: Danielle Fontaine Kimberly Martilla Lauren Russell Dr. Joe Zhu, Faculty Advisor In Cooperation With: Project Liaison: John G. Pantazopoulos Materials Manager, GEAE†Lynn, MA This report represents the work of one or more WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of completion of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its web site without editorial or†¦show more content†¦18 3.2.1 Development and ‘Prototypes’ .................................................................................................. 18 3.2.2 Interviewing ............................................................................................................................... 19 3.2.3 Editing the Tool According to Specialist Feedback .................................................................... 19 3.3 Aid GE Aviation in future development and automation of our production tool. ...................... 21 Chapter 4: Results and Analysis ............................................................................................. 22 4.1 Production Planning Tool: Process Mapping ............................................................................. 22 4.1.1 Column 1: Ship Level .................................................................................................................. 22 4.1.2 Column 2: Bill of Materials (BOM) ............................................................................................. 24 4.1.3 Column 3: Type .......................................................................................................................... 25 4.1.4 Column 4: Quantity per Engine (QPE) ........................................................................................ 26 4.1.5 Column 7: Unit CostShow MoreRelatedInventory Management1906 Words   |  8 PagesInventory systems are tools used to help organizations keep track of their inventory. 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The Issue Of Income Inequality Essay - 1236 Words

Income inequality has slowly become an issue gaining momentum over the last thirty-five years, did we see it coming, I think so. It has always been an issues, only after decades of misleading political leadership spanning decades are people finally fed-up of being misled and lied to. The current election for the next president has brought about a voice of the American people to demand a change within our three failing political systems that govern America. Only this change, I believe is going to bring a country to its knees, the wealth holders are not, going to just step aside and willing unlock the scales of wealth that to encumber its poor, they are going to dig in and hold fast to what they have stolen and hoarded since the time of slavery. Broken at the foundation- Congress failed in its obligation to keep a close watch on the small increasing hikes in taxation, that repeatedly brought sanctions on the poor, that created a false redistribution of wealth in America, for the last three decades’ income disparity has reach an all-time high for selective groups of Americans. The government influenced income inequality and growth by shifting support to ambiguous government supported programs, that benefitted a selective groups of Americans by lessening their taxation rate, while snowballing the tax imposed on the poorest Americans. The riches 1 - 10% have accumulated an increase in wealth approximately 7.5 times over the normal working household in the US. â€Å"The articleShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Income Inequality Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most deeply divisive issues in the United States is the question of income inequality: whether it exists and whether we are obliged to address it. 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Tanyag Na Manunulat Free Essays

Intro to internet What is Internet The  Internet  is a global system of interconnected  computer networks  that use the standard  Internet protocol suite  (often called TCP/IP, although not all applications use TCP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a  network of networks  that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked  hypertext  documents of the  World Wide Web  (WWW) and the  infrastructureto support email. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanyag Na Manunulat or any similar topic only for you Order Now Advantage amp; Disadvantage of Internet Advantage: Faster Communication The foremost target of Internet has always been speedy communication and it has excelled way beyond the expectations. Newer innovations are only going to make it faster and more reliable. Now, you can communicate in a fraction of second with a person who is sitting in the other part of the worl Information Resources Information is probably the biggest advantage that Internet offers. Internet is a virtual treasure trove of information. Any kind of information on any topic under the sun is available on the Internet. Entertainment Entertainment is another popular raison d’etre why many people prefer to surf the Internet. In fact, the Internet has become quite successful in trapping the multifaceted entertainment industry Social Networking One cannot imagine an online life without Facebook or Twitter. Social networking has become so popular amongst youth that it might one day replace physical networking. It has evolved as a great medium to connect with millions of people with similar interests Online Services The Internet has made life very convenient. With numerous online services you can now perform all your transactions online. You can book tickets for a movie, transfer funds, pay utility bills, taxes etc. , right from your home. Some travel websites even plan an Itinerary as per your preferences and take care of airline tickets, hotel reservations etc. -commerce The concept of e-commerce is used for any type of commercial maneuvering or business deals that involves the transfer of information across the globe via the Internet Disadvantages: Theft of Personal Information If you use the Internet for online banking, social networking or other services, you may risk a theft to your personal information such as name, address, credit card number etc. Unscrupulous people can access t his information through unsecured connections or by planting software and then use your personal details for their benefit. Needless to say, this may land you in serious trouble. Spamming Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails in bulk, which provide no purpose and needlessly obstruct the entire system. Such illegal activities can be very frustrating for you as it makes your Internet slower and less reliable. Virus Threat Internet users are often plagued by virus attacks on their systems. Virus programs are inconspicuous and may get activated if you click a seemingly harmless link. Computers connected to the Internet are very prone to targeted virus attacks and may end up crashing. Pornography Pornography is perhaps the biggest disadvantage of the Internet. Internet allows you to access and download millions of pornographic photos, videos and other X-rated stuff. Such unrestricted access to porn can be detrimental for children and teenagers. It can even play a havoc in marital and social lives of adults. Social Disconnect Thanks to the Internet, people now only meet on social networks. More and more people are getting engulfed in virtual world and drifting apart from their friends and family. Even children prefer to play online games rather than going out and mingling with other kids. This may hamper a healthy social development in children. Thing you needs to have Internet: To connect to the internet you simply need a modem, an ethernet cable, and a high speed internet connection. the connection can be set up by your cable company, phone company, or a private Internet provider. Of course a computer is needed to view the internet but to connect you simply need the three things above. To connect to the internet you need an ip address, a subnet mask and a default gateway How to cite Tanyag Na Manunulat, Papers Tanyag Na Manunulat Free Essays 4 real If I show you, get to know you If I hold you just for today I’m not gonna wanna let go I’m not gonna wanna go home Tell me you feel the same ‘Cause I’m 4 real, are you 4 real? I can’t help myself, it’s the way I feel When you look me in the eyes, like you did last night I can’t stand to hear you say goodbye Well, it feels so right ’cause it feels so right Just to have you standing by my side So don’t let me go ’cause you have my soul And I just wanted you to know I don’t wanna look back ’cause I know that we have Something the past could never change And now I’m stuck in the moment and my heart is open Tell me that you feel the same ‘Cause I’m 4 real, are you 4 real? I can’t help myself, it’s the way I feel When you look me in the eyes, like you did last night I can’t stand to hear you say goodbye Well, it feels so right ’cause it feels so right Just to have you standing by my side So don’t let me go ’cause you have my soul And I just wanted you to know Hold me down, hold me now I’m safe, I’m sound when you’re around Hold me down, hold me now I’m safe, I’m sound when you’re around I’m 4 real, are you 4 real? I can’t help myself, it’s the way I feel When you look me in the eyes, like you did last night I can’t stand to hear you say goodbye Well, it feels so right ’cause it feels so right Just to have you standing by my side So don’t let me go ’cause you have my soul And I just wanted you to know ‘Cause I’m 4 real, are you 4 real? I can’t help myself, it’s the way I feel When you look me in the eyes, like you did last night I can’t stand to hear you say goodbye Well, it feels so right ’cause it feels so right Just to have you standing by my side So don’t let me go ’cause you have my soul And I just wanted you to know Be my number two Wont you be my number two Me and number one are through There won’t be too much to do Just smile when I feel blue And there’s not much left of me What you get is what you see Is it worth the energy I leave it up to you And if you got something to say to me Don’t try to play your funny games on me I know that its really not fair of me But my heart’s seen too much action And every time I look at you You’ll be who I want you to And I’ll do what I can do To make a dream or two come true If you’ll be my If you’ll be my number two What are words Anywhere you are, I am near Anywhere you go, I’ll be there Anytime you whisper my name You’ll see How every single promise I’ll keep ‘Cause what kind of guy would I be If I was to leave When you need me most? What are words If you really don’t mean them when you say them? What are words If they’re only for good times, then they don’t? When it’s love Yeah, you say them out loud Those words, they never go away They live on, even when we’re gone And I know an angel was sent Just for me and I know I’m meant To be where I am And I’m gonna be Standing right beside her tonight And I’m gonna be by your side I would never leave When she needs me most What are words If you really don’t mean them when you say them? What are words If they’re only for good times, then they don’t? When it’s love Yeah, you say them out loud Those words, they never go away They live on, even when we’re gone Anywhere you are, I am near Anywhere you go, I’ll be there And I’m gonna be here Forever more Every single promise I keep ‘Cause what kind of guy would I be If I was to leave When you need me most? I’m forever keeping my angel close I didn’t mean to end his life I know it wasn’t right I can’t even sleep at night Can’t get it off my mind I need to get out of sight Before I end up behind bars What started out as a simple altercation Turned into a real sticky situation Me just thinking on the time that I’m facing Makes me wanna cry ‘Cause I didn’t mean to hurt him Could’ve been somebody’s son And I took his heart when I pulled out that gun Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Man down Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Man down mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station In front of a big old crowd Oh why, oh why Oh, mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station It’s a 22, I call her Peggy Sue When she fits right down in my shoes What you expect me to do If you’re playing me for a fool I will lose my cool And reach for my fire arm I didn’t mean to lay him down But it’s too late to turn b ack now Don’t know what I was thinking Now he’s no longer living So I’m ’bout to leave town ‘Cause I didn’t mean to hurt him Could’ve been somebody’s son And I took his heart when I pulled out that gun [ From: http://www. metrolyrics. com/man-down-lyrics-rihanna. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanyag Na Manunulat or any similar topic only for you Order Now tml ] Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Man down Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Man down mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station In front of a big old crowd Oh why, oh why Oh, mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station Look, I never thought I’d do it Never thought I’d do it Never thought I’d do it, oh gosh What ever happened to me Ever happened to me, ever happened to me Why did I pull the trigger Pull the trigger, pull the trigger, boom And end a nigga, end a niggas life so soon When me pull the trigger, pull the trigger, pull it ‘pon you Somebody tell me what I’m gonna, what I’m gonna do Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Me say wah man down (A weh me say) Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum Rum pa pa pum When me went downtown ‘Cause now I am a criminal, criminal, criminal Oh lord have mercy now I am a criminal Man down Tell the judge please give me minimal Run out of town, None of them can see me now, see me now Oh, mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station In front of a big old crowd Oh why, oh why Oh, mama, mama, mama I just shot a man down In central station Wish yuu were here I can be tough, I can be strong But with you, it’s not like that at all There’s a girl that gives a shit Behind this wall, you just walk through it And I remember all those crazy things you said You left them running though my head You’re always there, you’re everywhere But right now I wish you were here All those crazy things we did Didn’t think about it, just went with it You’re always there, you’re everywhere But right now I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you here, here, here I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you near, near, near I wish you were here I love the way you are It’s who I am, don’t have to try hard We always say, say it like it is And the truth is that I really miss All those crazy things you said You left them running though my head You’re always there, you’re everywhere But right now I wish you were here All those crazy things we did Didn’t think about it, just went with it You’re always there, you’re everywhere But right now I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you here, here, here I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you near, near, near I wish you were here No, I don’t wanna let go, I just wanna let you know That I never wanna let go, let go, oh, oh No, I don’t wanna let go, I just wanna let you know That I never wanna let go, let go, let go, let go Let go, let go, let go, let go, let go, let go Let go, let go, let go Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you here, here, here I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you near, near, near I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you here, here, here I wish you were here Damn, damn, damn What I’d do to have you near, near, near I wish you were here How to cite Tanyag Na Manunulat, Essay examples

Rhetorical Analysis of the “I Have a Dream” Speech free essay sample

During the mid-20th Century, racism was a huge issue in the United States, which the most prominent was the racism of African-Americans. Although all blacks were supposed to be free, under a corrupt law system, blacks were victimized mercilessly. Therefore, blacks decided to try and change the system and multiple civil rights activists and groups appeared. The most notable activist of them was Martin Luther King Jr. of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, or the SCLC (Martin Luther King, Jr. Biography). Throughout the 1960s, King engaged in various civil rights boycotts and protests, helping to further the movement and gaining its eventual victory. Out of all of his civil rights-related efforts, the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech, given on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the â€Å"March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom† in 1963 (â€Å"March on Washington For Jobs and Freedom). The speech had a massive impact as it managed to illustrate the racist prob lems of the time and provoke the audience into feeling sympathy while providing hope to the depressed African-American population. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetorical Analysis of the â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sadly, the speech also made the movement and King very popular, making his opponents treat him as a threat, causing him to be assassinated 5 years later and he was unable to enjoy the fruits of his work. The reason for â€Å"I Have a Dream† massive impact is due to the tense social mood of the time and that it reflects the conditions of the time, giving black activists a vision for the future. It struck directly into the hearts of blacks across America, made whites ashamed of their actions and willing to have a new start and shook society to its roots. In just 17 minutes, King influenced and informed the generations and generations of people about racial equality and fairness. According to almost all scholars, the seventeen-minute speech is a masterpiece of rhetoric (Edwards). This is obvious when analyzing the speech as one can notice that King carefully structures his speech to appeal to the different types of audience, supporting it with the three rhetorical modes of ethos, pathos and logos which are reinforced with different rhetorical tropes and schemes, marking King’s name in history. The most important of any speech is its structure – something which King does extremely well in his speech by showing the plight of the Negroes, showing the truth of the civil rights movement and that there is hope in the future. Basically, the speech’s structure is intended to appeal to the three types of audiences likely to be listening to King’s speech – the average blacks who are discriminated against, the average whites who harbor thoughts typical of that time and the militant blacks and racist supremacists who argue that blacks are evil and the civil rights movement is violent. In the first part of his speech, King, cleverly paints a picture of the plight of the Negroes and thoroughly describes their condition. For example, in the start of the essay, King says that the life of the blacks is â€Å"crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination† and that the blacks are living on a â€Å"lonely island of poverty† in the midst of a â€Å"vast ocean of material prosperity.† This first makes the whites realize how the blacks are in a terrible plight and make them dislike their actions while striking deep into the hearts of blacks as this clearly paints out their situation. Further on, King continues to emphasize this by continuing to list examples of the Negroes’ problems, which continues to strike at the Negroes as they are stirred by descriptions of their sadness and makes whites uncomfortable as they think that they are the ones responsible for this. Also, King makes references to how America has literally broken their promise to the Negroes by refusing them the rights granted in the Constitution. Therefore, the plight of the Negroes is not their fault; it is the fault of the whites. One problem with the civil rights movement, however, is that many enemies of the movement argue that activists of the movement act aggressively and use violent methods to seek their goals. This ha s caused many people to lose their support for their movement. In order to stop this, King, who was a public face for the movement at the time, states that the Negroes must conduct their struggle â€Å"on the high plane of dignity and discipline† and must not allow their â€Å"creative protest to degenerate into physical violence† for the â€Å"marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people.† Later, near the end of his speech, King continues to â€Å"preach† this point, for example by stating that he has a dream that â€Å"little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.† Through this, King intends to say that the black militants are not supported by the majority of the civil rights movement and that the movement is intent on reaching their goals nonviolently. This also has the additional effect making the w hites uncomfortable when they think how the blacks are not really the savages they think they are and are instead dignified, honorable people who continue to endure and that the whites are the true savage beasts. However, this is not the end. After portraying multiple examples of white brutality and the pain of the Negro people, however, King knows that it is important to give the Negro people a message of hope. Therefore, at the very end, King starts to talk about the future and how one day, freedom will â€Å"ring† from all across the United States and how people of all races will be able to â€Å"join hands† and be â€Å"brothers and sisters.† Overall, King intelligently uses a well-planned structure to manipulate his audience into agreeing with him by painting an image of the Negros’s plight. In his speech, in order to back up his basic structure King uses rhetorical modes, one of which is pathos, or the mode of utilizing human emotions, by making his audience no longer hate Negroes and instead hate racism and wish for a new, better world, which is part of the structure of his essay. King tries his best in the speech to make the audience sympathize with the Negroes, dislike racism and then be filled with hope of a new world without racism by using strong adjectives and metaphors. For example, King constantly describes the Negroes as being â€Å"crippled† by the â€Å"manacles of segregation† and â€Å"chains of discrimination.† Through this, King makes the audience feel that the Negroes are in great calamity; as if the Negroes had committed a crime and have to be restrained, something which King emphasizes on when he compares the situation of the Negroes as to being stranded on a â€Å"lonely island of poverty† while everybody else around them are indulging in a â€Å"ocean of material prosperity.† Therefore, through this, the audience realizes how it is not because the Negroes are stupid that they live in poverty, but because the white American society is literally holding them back. Later, King then aims to make the audience hate racism by giving them a metaphor: that racism is a â€Å"dark and desolate valley† while racial justice is a â€Å"sunlit path.† It results in the audience first realizing that their society is in that dark and desolate valley then thinking that without racism, the American society could then climb onto the sunlit path of racial justice. Throughout his speech, King does this again and again, such as writing that black children are â€Å"stripped of their selfhood† and dignity by â€Å"signs stating ‘For Whites Only’† and that black people are â€Å"judged by the color of their skin† instead of the â€Å"content of their character.† This all serves to make the audience feel ashamed of racism. Finally, King paints a picture of his vision and hope in the audience’s mind by repeating â€Å"I have a dream† followed by optimist statements, repeating â€Å"Let freedom ring!† and that one day all of â€Å"God’s children,† no matter what their race or color, will be able to be brothers and sisters without racial injustice. Overall, King effectively uses pathos in his speech, guiding the audience’s feelings to go along his plans and making them sympathize with Negroes, hate racism and be filled with a hope of an equal world. Other than pathos, King also utilizes the other two modes of rhetoric, ethos and logos, the art of using social ethics and logic and examples, although logos is used far less frequently compared to the other two modes. These two modes help in King’s structure to make the audience think that the whites have lied and broken their promises to the Negroes. In the late beginning of his speech of his speech, King writes that when America was founded, â€Å"the Constitution and Declaration of Independence† stated that all men, black or white, were to be granted the same rights. However, nowadays, America has not kept its promise to the black people King compares this to having given Negroes â€Å"a bad check,† a check which has come back marked â€Å"insufficient funds† despite the â€Å"promissory note† of the â€Å"Constitution and Declaration of Independence†. Ethically, most people believe that it is necessary to keep a promise. Therefore, thi s puts racism in a whole new light: that racism is not justified as the US has failed to deliver their promises. This helps in making whites uncomfortable about their actions – something important in King’s structure. Later on, King mentions that racial equality can only be achieved until â€Å"justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.† This deliberately makes the audience think that racial segregation is wrong and against basic moral principles. Finally, King also attacks the enforcers of racial segregation, or the police, by citing â€Å"police brutality† and insufficient living conditions for the prisoners. Meanwhile, the one example of logos in the speech is when King refers to the Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln signed 100 years earlier. King writes in the very beginning that â€Å"five score years ago,† Lincoln signed the â€Å"Emancipation Proclamation† that declared slaves free and blacks were no longer to be treated like property. King uses this piece of evidence to show that even Lincoln, one of the most admired men in US history, supported the freeing of blacks, creating an ethos appeal through the logos of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. However, there is also a logos appeal as well because when audiences think about it, the Emancipation Proclamation, or the order to free slaves and start of racial equality, had been written a hundred years ago. Yet, in all that time, the idea of racial equality, instead of increasing, had decreased. Therefore, America should start adopting the ideas of racial equality. In summary, King’s speech also utilizes the modes of ethos and logos in the first half of his speech as the civil rights movement is based heavily in ethics and to show that Lincoln, one of the most respected Americans in history, supported the freeing of blacks and since it has been one hundred years since the black equality movement really started. To assist in his rhetorical modes, King uses rhetorical tropes in his modes such as when he alludes to several different works like the Bible, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address and Shakespeare’s â€Å"Richard III† syncing King’s ideas with what is considered righteous by many people, makes the audience remember important parts of the past and helps audience understand the situation, all of which are important to the success of the speech. An example of this is when King writes â€Å"justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.† This is a direct biblical allusion to Amos 5:24 – â€Å"But let justice roll on like a river, righteousness like a never-failing stream!† Another biblical allusion is when King writes that he has a dream that one day, â€Å"every valley shall be exalted,† every hill and mountain â€Å"made low,† all rough places will be â€Å"plain† and crooked places â€Å"straightâ⠂¬  and that the â€Å"glory of the Lord shall be revealed.† Other than the direct Christian allusion by mentioning God, this phrase also alludes the Isaiah 40:4-5 – â€Å"Every valley shall be raised up, every mountain and hill made low; the rough ground shall become level, the rugged places a plain. And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed.† King also alludes to Psalms 30:5 by writing â€Å"It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity† as the second half of Psalms 30:5 states, â€Å"weeping may remain for a night, but rejoicing comes in the morning.† All these biblical allusions remind the audience that what King says is in accordance to the Bible. Large quantities of the 1960s American population were churchgoers. Therefore, as the audience would all hold the Bible to be righteous, by making the audience think that King words are in sync with the Bible, King manages to make the audience feel as if his arguments are a ll definitely righteous and should be supported. Another allusion, this time a literary one, is to Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address when King states â€Å"Five score years ago† at the start of his speech, which is an direct allusion to the phrase â€Å"Four score and seven years ago† at the start of the Gettysburg Address. Due to the fact that the Gettysburg Address is also about human rights and that most people remember Lincoln as being a staunch supporter of blacks, this allusion makes the audience remember that one of the greatest men in history opposed segregation. The final allusion, also a literary allusion, is when King writes that the â€Å"summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.† This alludes to the opening lines of â€Å"Richard III,† a historical play by William Shakespeare, which are â€Å"Now is the winter of our discontent. Made glorious summer by th is sun of York.† In â€Å"Richard III,† the main character, Richard, and his brother, Edward, are constantly in a state of conflict. Therefore, through this allusion, King attempts to make the reader think that the situation between black and white men are the same – both are technically â€Å"brothers,† yet are both struggling and fighting against each other. The allusions used by King reinforces his message as they make it seems to be in sync with the Bible and make the audience that like the story of â€Å"Richard III,† black and white men, technically â€Å"brothers,† are battling each other. Through these allusions, King intends to support his ethos as the Bible is a great source of ethics, Lincoln is historically famous for his ethical beliefs and because an allusion to â€Å"Richard III† invokes the ethic that brothers should not discriminate against each other. Metaphors, another useful rhetorical trope, are essential to help audiences fully understand an idea as it compares an idea with something the audience is familiar with, which is important to bring out modes such as ethos and pathos. King uses a series of more complicated metaphors in the middle of his essay. He claims that by â€Å"the Constitution and Declaration of Independence,† the forefathers of America were â€Å"signing a promissory note† that all men, whatever color, would be granted the same rights. However, King then says in the view of the Negroes, the US government have given the Negroes a â€Å"bad check,† a bad check that does not promise them the same results that have been given to the white population. Later on, King says that many equal rights activists have been â€Å"battered by the storms of persecution† and the â€Å"winds of police brutality.† Through this metaphor, King paints the upholders of the Jim Crow laws, the laws su ppressing blacks (Jim Crow Laws), in a bad light. These two metaphors both relate to ethos as the first metaphor invokes the ethic of keeping your promises while the second metaphor involves torture, something which most of the American population was against. Finally, King uses several last metaphors when he writes that with faith, it is possible to transform the â€Å"jangling discords† of our nation into a â€Å"beautiful symphony of brotherhood.† This metaphor, on the other hand, is related to pathos as the audience immediately feels good due to the King’s choice of words. All of these metaphors are aimed to make the audience realize that continued racial injustice will lead to total chaos while racial equality leads to a beautiful society. Overall, the metaphors King uses are effective to support the ethos and pathos as they make the audience realize that the US have cheated the Negroes, that those who uphold the Jim Crow laws are evil and that it is possib le to transform the US society. Like the metaphor, the simile is useful to help the audience understand ideas and is also part of the rhetorical modes. Examples of the simile in King’s speech is when he writes that the Emancipation Proclamation came â€Å"as a joyous daybreak† to the black slaves to end the â€Å"long night of their captivity.† This simile tells and emphasizes to the audience how the Emancipation Proclamation was a great â€Å"beacon of hope† to the slaves and how they rejoiced when the received the news. Therefore, this also helps to make the audience delighted and happy for the Negroes, which means they become saddened when King tells them how 100 years later, the Negroes, however, are still not free. Also, this simile fits the mood of the speech as the speech occurred near the Lincoln Memorial. King implies to this by writing that the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by a â€Å"great American† whose â€Å"symbolic shadow† they stand in. Other simile s are â€Å"justice rolls down like waters† and â€Å"righteousness like a mighty stream.† These similes intend to tell the audience that King and his friends will not stop until justice comes down and sweep away all racism and injustice King also uses a rhetorical question, the final trope in his speech -â€Å"when will you be satisfied?† in his speech in order to trigger a flood of answers and to stir up the feelings of blacks. In the middle part of his speech, King writes that some whites ask black activists when blacks will be satisfied. King then writes that blacks will not be satisfied as long as there is racism. First, King is answering many whites: blacks will not be satisfied until everybody is equal. Then, King stirs up the feelings of the blacks with his question when he includes all sorts of examples of racial injustice to colored people when he answers himself. This is intended to support pathos as it is effective in stirring up the black audience’s feelings and anger. The rhetorical question is useful to King because they answer questions posed by the whites and stir up the Negroes’ feelings about racism. Other than tropes, though, King uses schemes as well, such as epistrophe. He uses epistrophe when he writes â€Å"With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.† Epistrophe, which is when a certain word at the end of a clause is repeated again and again, is effective in this case as it puts emphasis on the fact that the civil rights movement will always work together and will never forget or leave anybody to suffer alone. Without this, many civil rights activists might come under the impression that they have been forgotten whenever they got arrested or prosecuted and would stop working for the civil rights movement. King utilizes this to support his pathos as it effectively motivates the civil rights movement. Therefore, the world is informed that the civil rights movements are united together and to all activists they are not alone. Martin Luther King uses anaphora multiple times in his speech as it is also closely related to the rhetorical mode of pathos. Examples are when he repeats â€Å"One hundred years later† three times in one paragraph and â€Å"Now is the time† four times in another paragraph. Through constant repetition, King aims to emphasize his point in the reader’s mind. Another example, when asked when Negros will be satisfied, King repeats â€Å"We will not be satisfied† multiple times, followed by an example of injustice suffered by African-Americans – which impresses on the audience (this was broadcast on live TV as well) that blacks will not stop until they are not discriminated against. Other than those occasions, there are other examples, such as when King writes â€Å"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of form er slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood†¦. every valley shall be exalted†¦and the glory of the Lord†¦shall see it together.† By repeating â€Å"I have a dream,† King emphasizes the fact that he can see a new America, an America free from racial injustice and cruelty. King also writes how â€Å"let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire†¦from Stone Mountain of Georgia†¦Lookout Mountain of Tennessee†¦hill and molehill of Mississippi†¦let freedom ring.† The anaphora used here emphasizes King’s point and wish for freedom from all parts of the nation, evidenced by how he references to places all over America. It also backs up King’s pathos as the constant repetition is very useful for arousing the audience’s emotions, especially when combined with the moving content anaphora is often used in conjunction with. Overall, the mult iple use of anaphora in King’s speech emphasizes the point to the audience that the blacks will not stop until the Jim Crow laws are gone and that when those laws are gone, a new America will emerge. Throughout the speech, another scheme King uses frequently is parallelism, the strategy of repeating similar clauses, several times. Parallelism is useful to emphasize things and ideas to the audience, which, like all the other tropes and schemes. Early in his speech, King writes â€Å"riches of freedom† and â€Å"security of justice† and then â€Å"justice rolls down like waters† and â€Å"righteousness like a mighty stream.† In these two examples, King is using parallelism to express that the African American wants justice and freedom by repeating them next to each other and mentally connecting them in the reader’s mind, which is also connected with pathos as the terms King uses subtly emphasize those words and create good feelings in the reader. As campaigning Negroes have been prosecuted by the police, King makes a mention of them when he writes that those activists have been â€Å"battered by the storms of persecution† and â€Å"stagge red by the winds of police brutality.† This emphasizes to the audience that many racial demonstrators, despite being brutally treated (which supports ethos as it is a reference to police brutality), have not given up on their efforts. At the end of his speech, King uses parallelism two more times when he writes â€Å"Let freedom ring† multiple times followed by â€Å"from (American place name).† King decides to again emphasize the importance of freedom by using parallelism and by mentioning place names to implant in the reader of how they should â€Å"let freedom ring† from across the US. Finally to cap his speech King writes how one day when â€Å"all of God’s children,† no matter if they are â€Å"black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics† will be able to sing together â€Å"in the words of the old Negro spiritual, ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!’† In this case, King expresses how all people in the world, despite their differences, are God’s children and should not be discriminated against by putting almost all of the different groups of people together in a parallel structure. Both of those two final examples are pathos-related as the first example creates good feelings and is inspirational while the final example creates hope for the future in the audience. In summary, parallelism connects different points and, like all other devices, tells the audience of how blacks want justice and that how all people of the world should not be discriminated against. Antithesis is when two utterly different ideas are put together, which is useful for grabbing attention and emphasizing. King uses it in his speech in order to express all his points. First, King writes that â€Å"the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.† This antithesis makes the audience realize that the Negroes have been left behind and ignored while the rest of modern society has charged forward into prosperity and fortune. From this revelation, the audience will also realize that it is no fault of the Negro that they have been left behind – in contrast, modern society have been dragging them back through racism. In order to dispel any misguided ideas that whites have of the Negroes’ fortune, King tells them directly that Negroes are in poverty as everybody is blocking them from entering the ocean of â€Å"material prosperity.† The second time King uses antithesis is when he states that â€Å" Nineteen Sixty-Three is not an end, but a beginning,† which he aims to express that the revolution will not stop at 1963; rather it will have a new beginning. Finally, King uses antithesis one more time at the end of his speech, when he writes â€Å"when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands.† The pairs he mentions are all the direct opposites of each other, yet he says that they will all join hands together and be friends. King implies that one day, all differences will fall away as, no matter what our race and color, we are God’s children. Overall, antithesis is used by King to grab the audience’s attention and emphasize to them that the Negroes’ poverty is the fault of the whites, that the revolution will not end at the Washington march and that all men are God’s children. Finally, the last scheme used by King is the isocolon, or repetition of grammatical structure in several clauses, as it builds rhythm and can be used to connect ideas. An example of this is when King writes â€Å"Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana.† Through this use of isocolon, King lifts the hearts of blacks and tells them not to give up and continue their cause as someday, the blacks will be free from discrimination. Although those place names King mentions means nothing to the bystander, the audience King was facing would have recognized them as places where segregation was strictly enforced. Another example of isocolon is in the final part of King’s speech, when he writes â€Å"from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city† after writing about freedom ringing from all parts of America. This isocolon simply summarizes his claim of freedom ringing everywhere. I t creates a good rhythm and connects ideas. These two usages of isocolon are intended to boost the pathos of King’s speech as they both boost the emotions of the audience. Overall, King uses the isocolon to tell blacks to never give up as one day, freedom will ring everywhere. Although all of the rhetorical strategies are interesting, the most important aspect is how they relate to each other and the effect they create. As the structure of â€Å"I Have a Dream† is vital to its success, King carefully tries to relate all of his rhetorical strategies with his structure. For example, part of King’s structure is intended to make the audience harbor bad feelings about racism. To achieve this, King uses the rhetorical strategy of pathos along with metaphors and other rhetorical tropes and schemes to make the audience feel for the blacks. Also, King carefully chooses the rhetorical strategies in his essay in order to make them fit with the structure. For example, anaphora and parallelism combines in the speech to create the famous â€Å"I have a dream† and â€Å"let freedom ring† repetition. The constant repetition coupled with King’s deep inspirational voice serves to inspire the audience, audible when cheers are heard in the recording of King’s speech as he says â€Å"I have a dream† and â€Å"let freedom ring.† After hearing these repetitions, the viewer is filled with hope. This is in alignment with King’s structure as King intends for the end to be about hope for the future and those two repetitions both occur at the end. In brief, the rhetorical strategies of King’s speech combine to create a combining effect, supporting and reinforcing each other. In conclusion, Martin Luther King, Jr’s most famous speech was the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech given in 1963 during one of the most famous marches in history, the 200,000-strong â€Å"March on Washington For Jobs and Freedom.† At the time, America was in the grips of racism and segregation, making the lives of many blacks living hell. â€Å"I Have a Dream,† however, played a major step into changing it. It managed to inspire a generation of blacks to never give up and made thousands of white Americans bitterly ashamed of their actions, forging a new start for society. Even now, it continues to make generations of people, not just Americans, to give up their racist beliefs and advocate social colorblindness. Without King, America would be probably still heavily segregated. Other than the speech’s heartwarming and moving content, King’s effective structure along with the usage of all three rhetorical modes and certain rhetorical tropes and sc hemes has revealed the reason â€Å"I Have a Dream† as a masterpiece of rhetoric and it persuades hundreds of thousands of people support the blacks instead of treating them unfairly. Works Cited Edwards, Stevie. â€Å"Analysis of Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream Speech† presentationmagazine.com. Presentation Magazine. n.d. Web. 12 August 2012. â€Å"Jim Crow Laws.† National Park Service. US Government., n.d. Web. 16 August. 2012 â€Å"March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.† Martin Luther King, Jr. And the Global Freedom Struggle. Stanford University., n.d. Web. 9 August. 2012. â€Å"Martin Luther King, Jr. Biography.† biography.com. n.p., n.d. Web. 9 August. 2012.